Owing to the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) core satellite’s unique asynchronous orbit, its orbital ground tracks intersect the orbital tracks of many other sun-synchronous satellites. Of particular interest are the intersections (coincidences) between the GPM core satellite and the 94-GHz (W-band) CloudSat profiling radar (CPR), within small enough time differences, such that the combination of the resulting “pseudo three-frequency” radar profiles (W-band from CPR, and Ku/Ka-band from GPM), and the 13-channel (10-183 GHz) GMI radiometer are useful for many scientific purposes. Examples include algorithm evaluation and
identification of deficiencies, snow and light rain sensitivity studies, cloud process studies, radiative transfer simulations, and studying land surface effects on the radar, radiometer, or combined-sensor precipitation retrieval algorithms.