Precipitation Data Directory

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Precipitation Data Directory

Important Notes & Links

Use of the PPS data servers and STORM requires you to first register your email address.
- Click here to register.
As of July 7, 2023, GPM Level 2 and 3 products and filenames have been updated to V07B. IMERG Early and Late have been updated to V06D, and IMERG Final Run is undergoing retrospective processing and is being updated to V07. Learn more.
As of January 19, 2021, FTP access to the GPM research data server "arthurhou" is no longer available, and you must use either FTPS or HTTPS to access GPM research data.
- Click here for instructions to access via FTPS
- Click here for instructions to access via HTTPS
Data Usage Policy and Citation Instructions
View Data Product DOI's

Geophysical parameters that have been spatially and/or temporally resampled from Level 1 or Level 2 data.

IMERG Early Run

Near real-time low-latency gridded global multi-satellite precipitation estimates

Overview:

This algorithm is intended to intercalibrate, merge, and interpolate “all” satellite microwave precipitation estimates, together with microwave-calibrated infrared (IR) satellite estimates, precipitation gauge analyses, and potentially other precipitation estimators at fine time and space scales for the TRMM and GPM eras over the entire globe. The system is run several times for each observation time, first giving a quick estimate (IMERG Early Run) and successively providing better estimates as more data arrive (IMERG Late Run). The final step uses monthly gauge data to create research-level products (IMERG Final Run).

The main difference between the IMERG Early and Late Run is that Early only has forward propagation (which basically amounts to extrapolation) due to the short latency, while the Late has both forward and backward propagation (allowing interpolation).

Notes:

The PPS has completed reprocessing GPM IMERG data for IMERG V06B. The IMERG dataset now includes TRMM-era data going back to June 2000.
As of IMERG V05B, full coverage is provided for the latitudes of 60°N-60°S, while the remaining upper and lower latitudes extending to 90° are considered "partial coverage".

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

June 2000 - Present

Minimum Latency:

4 hours

Spatial Resolution:

10km / 0.1 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	Visualization, GeoTIFF, HDF5, NetCDF, OPeNDAP	30 Minute, 1 Day	On GES DISC site, see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	30 Minute: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGHHE_06/summary?keywords=%… 1 Day: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGDE_06/summary?keywords=%2…
PPS Near Real-time	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	HDF5	30 Minute	Click here to register for PPS data access Files located in ./[yyyymm]/ Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/imerg/early/
PPS Near Real-time	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	GeoTIFF	30 Minute, 3 Hour, 1 Day	Click here to register for PPS data access Read documentation for using IMERG GeoTIFF + Worldfiles 30 minute, 3 hour, and 1 day files are all available in the same directory, with the timespan indicated within the filename (e.g. 3B-HHR-E.MS.MRG.3IMERG.20200207-S053000-E055959.0330.V06B.1day.zip is a 1 day file) Precipitation values are scaled by a factor of x10 (0.1mm) for 30 minute, 3 hour, 1 day files. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/imerg/gis/early/
IMERG Global Viewer	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization	30 Minute, 1 Day, 7 Day	Only the most recently generated IMERG datasets are viewable with this tool.	https://gpm.nasa.gov/data/visualization/global-viewer
Worldview	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	Visualization	30 Minute, 1 Day	Use the time slider at the bottom to select your desired date.	https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/?l=IMERG_Rain_Rate,Reference_Labels(hidden),Reference_Features(hidden),Coastlines,VIIRS_SNPP_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor(hidden),MODIS_Aqua_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor(hidden),MODIS_Terra_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor
PMM Publisher API	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization, GeoTIFF	30 Minute, 3 Hour, 1 Day, 7 Day	Only the most recent 60 days of data are available with this tool.	https://gpm.nasa.gov/precip-apps
Giovanni	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization, GeoTIFF, KMZ, NetCDF	30 Minute, 1 Day	Register for an Earthdata account Allows for data subsetting and analysis	30 Minute: https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/#service=TmAvMp&starttime=&endtime=&data=GPM_3IMERGHHE_06_precipitationCal&dataKeyword=3IMERGHHE 1 Day: https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/#service=TmAvMp&starttime=&endtime=&data=GPM_3IMERGDE_06_precipitationCal&dataKeyword=3IMERGDE
NASA Disasters Mapping Portal	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization, GeoTIFF	30 Minute, 3 Hour, 1 Day		30 Minute: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=7bf768cc296646d8903e3b39ae3cfff8 3 Hour: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=a1fded9590f047a7bc5adeb29cb741d7 1 Day: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=38afc87f5de840e1ba07e3bd16c65797

IMERG Late Run

Near real-time gridded global multi-satellite precipitation estimates with quasi-Lagrangian time interpolation

Overview:

The main difference between the IMERG Early and Late Run is that Early only has forward propagation (which basically amounts to extrapolation), while the Late has both forward and backward propagation (allowing interpolation). The additional 10 hours of latency allows lagging data transmissions to make it into the Late run, even if they were not available for the Early.

Notes:

The PPS has completed reprocessing GPM IMERG data for IMERG V06B. The IMERG dataset now includes TRMM-era data going back to June 2000.
As of IMERG V05B, full coverage is provided for the latitudes of 60°N-60°S, while the remaining upper and lower latitudes extending to 90° are considered "partial coverage".

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

June 2000 - Present

Minimum Latency:

12 Hours

Spatial Resolution:

10km / 0.1 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	Visualization, GeoTIFF, HDF5, NetCDF, OPeNDAP	30 Minute, 1 Day	On GES DISC site, see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	30 Minute: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGHHL_06/summary?keywords=%… 1 Day: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGDL_06/summary?keywords=%2…
PPS Near Real-time	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	HDF5	30 Minute	Click here to register for PPS data access Files located in ./[yyyymm]/ Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/imerg/late/
PPS Near Real-time	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	GeoTIFF	30 Minute, 3 Hour, 1 Day, 3 Day, 7 Day, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access Read documentation for using IMERG GeoTIFF + Worldfiles Files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm] 30 minute, 3 hour, 1 day, 7 day, and 1 month files are all available in the same directory, with the timespan indicated within the filename (e.g. 3B-HHR-L.MS.MRG.3IMERG.20200516-S083000-E085959.0510.V06B.3hr.tif is a 3 hour file) 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month. Precipitation values are scaled by a factor of x10 (0.1mm) for 30 minute, 3 hour, 1 day, 3 day and 7 day files, and are scaled by a factor of x1 (1mm) for 1 month files. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/imerg/gis/
PMM Publisher API	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization, GeoTIFF	1 Day, 3 Day, 7 Day	Only the most recent 60 days of data are available with this tool.	https://gpm.nasa.gov/precip-apps
NASA Disasters Mapping Portal	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm)	Visualization, GeoTIFF	7 Day		7 Day: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=750a2e775b84468e980c360e1da18e05

IMERG Final Run

Research-quality gridded global multi-satellite precipitation estimates with quasi-Lagrangian time interpolation, gauge data, and climatological adjustment

Overview:

The main differences between the IMERG Early and Late Run are:

The half-hourly Final Run product uses a month-to-month adjustment to the monthly Final Run product, which combines the multi-satellite data for the month with GPCC gauge analysis. The adjustment within the month in each half hour is a ratio multiplier that's fixed for the month, but spatially varying.
The Late Run is computed about 14 hours after observation time, so sometimes a microwave overpass is not delivered in time for the Late Run, but subsequently comes in and can be used in the Final. This would affect both the half hour in which the overpass occurs, and (potentially) morphed values in nearby half hours.

We always advise people to use the Final Run for research unless their application will require the use of Early or Late data due to latency. In such a case, the application should be developed using the long-record of the Early or Late, as appropriate. The vast majority of grid boxes have fairly similar Late and Final values over ocean, and to a lesser extent over land. Extreme value statistics are more sensitive to these details; medians, means, and root-mean square difference are less sensitive.

Notes:

IMERG Final Run V06 data production halted in Sept. 2021. Retrospective processing of IMERG Final commenced in July 2023 using the new IMERG V07 code system and was completed in late Aug. 2023. V06 and V07 are sufficiently different that users are discouraged from mixing data from the two versions. Anomalous values discovered in several input datafiles forced a second Final Run V07 reprocessing that should we completed by the end of 2023. V07 Early and Late Run processing will commence after the Final is completed. Please visit the Data News page for the latest updates.
The PPS has completed reprocessing GPM IMERG data for IMERG V06B. The IMERG dataset now includes TRMM-era data going back to June 2000.
As of IMERG V05B, full coverage is provided for the latitudes of 60°N-60°S, while the remaining upper and lower latitudes extending to 90° are considered "partial coverage".

Current Algorithm Version:

V07

Dates Covered:

June 2000 - Present (roughly 3.5 month latency from time of acquisition)

Minimum Latency:

3.5 Months

Spatial Resolution:

10km / 0.1 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	Visualization, GeoTIFF, HDF5, NetCDF, OPeNDAP	30 Minute, 1 Day, 1 Month	On GES DISC site, see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	30 Minute: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGHH_07/summary?keywords=%22IMERG%20final%22 1 Day: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGDF_07/summary?keywords=%22IMERG%20final%22 1 Month: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGM_07/summary?keywords=%22IMERG%20final%22
PPS Research	Multisatellite	Precipitation Accumulation (mm) & Precipitation Rate Averaged Over Time	GeoTIFF	30 Minute, 1 Day, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access Read documentation for using IMERG GeoTIFF + Worldfiles Files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/gis/ 30 minute, 1 day and 1 month files are all available in the same directory, with the timespan indicated within the filename (e.g.3B-DAY-GIS.MS.MRG.3IMERG.20170101-S000000-E235959.0000.V07.zip is a 1 day file) 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month. Precipitation values are scaled by a factor of x10 (0.1mm) for 30 minute and 1 day files, and are scaled by a factor of x1000 (.001mm) for 1 month files. When you download and unzip the .zip files of Final IMERG GIS, you will find .tif files that contain precipitation accumulations (filenames ending in ".total.accum.tif") and other *.tif files that contain precipitation rates averaged over time (filenames ending in ".total.rate.tif"). Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/
PPS Research	Multisatellite	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr) / precipitationCal	HDF5	30 Minute, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access Files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/imerg/ 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month. The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

3B Combined

Gridded rainfall estimates from combined radar/radiometer data (GPM GMI & DPR, TRMM TMI & PR)

Overview:

The GPM Combined Radar-Radiometer Algorithm performs two basic functions: first, it provides, in principle, the most accurate, high resolution estimates of surface rainfall rate and precipitation vertical distributions that can be achieved from a spaceborne platform, and it is therefore valuable for applications where information regarding instantaneous storm structure are vital. Second, a global, representative collection of combined algorithm estimates will yield a single common reference dataset that can be used to “cross-calibrate” rain rate estimates from all of the passive microwave radiometers in the GPM constellation. The cross-calibration of radiometer estimates is crucial for developing a consistent, high time-resolution precipitation record for climate science and prediction model validation applications.

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

December 1997 - April 2015 (TRMM), March 2014 - Present (GPM)

Minimum Latency:

Daily (research)

Spatial Resolution:

0.25 Degree, 5 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	GPM DPR, GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	1.5 Hour, 1 Month	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	1.5 Hour GPM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3CMB_DAY_07/summary 1 Month GPM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3CMB_07/summary?keywords=3CMB 1.5 Hour TRMM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3CMB_TRMM_DAY_07/summary?keywords=3CMB 1 Month TRMM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3CMB_TRMM_07/summary?keywords=3CMB
PPS Research	GPM DPR, GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1.5 Hour, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access 3 CMB files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/radar/... 3 CMB files are indicated by filenames that start with 3B-ORBIT.GPM.DPRGMI for GPM files and 3B-ORBIT.TRMM.PRTMI for TRMM files 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month, with filenames starting with 3B-MO The 3 CMB HDF5 file contains both grid sizes (5x5 and 0.25x0.25 degree) in the G1 and G2 structure, respectively. The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

3A Radar

Gridded rainfall estimates from radar data (GPM DPR, TRMM PR)

Overview:

The Level 3 DPR product provides space-time statistics of the level 2 DPR results. High and low spatial resolution grids are defined such that the high-resolution grid is 0.250 × 0.250 (lat×lon) while the low resolution grid is 50 × 50. For the variables defined on the low-resolution grid, the statistics include mean, standard deviation, counts and histogram. For variables defined on the high-resolution grid, the same statistics are computed with the exception of a histogram, which is omitted.

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

December 1997 - April 2015 (TRMM), March 2014 - Present (GPM)

Minimum Latency:

Daily (research)

Spatial Resolution:

0.25 Degree, 5 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	GPM DPR, TRMM PR	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	1 Day, 1 Month	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. Allows for data subsetting	1 Day GPM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3DPRD_07/summary 1 Month GPM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3DPR_07/summary 1 Day TRMM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3PR_ASC_06/summary?keywords=gpm%203a%20radar 1 Month TRMM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3PR_06/summary?keywords=gpm%203a%20radar
PPS Research	GPM DPR, TRMM PR	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1 Day, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access 3A Radar files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/radar/... 3A Radar files are indicated by filenames that start with 3A-ORBIT.GPM.DPR for GPM files and 3A-ORBIT.TRMM.PR for TRMM files 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month, with filenames starting with 3A-MO The 3A Radar HDF5 file contains both grid sizes (5x5 and 0.25x0.25 degree) in the G1 and G2 structure, respectively. The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

3A Radiometer (GPROF)

Gridded rainfall estimates from GPM GMI, TRMM TMI, and constellation microwave radiometers

Overview:

3GPROF, 'GPROF Profiling', produces global 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree gridded means using Level 2 Gprof data. Vertical hydrometeor profiles and surface rainfall means are computed. Various pixel counts are also reported. The PI is Joyce Chou. The product can be monthly or daily.

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

June 2000 - Present

Minimum Latency:

Daily (research)

Spatial Resolution:

0.25 Degree

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	1 Day, 1 Month	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	1 Day: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=%223GPROF%22&page=1&sort=version&processingLevel=3&project=GPM&temporalResolution=1%20day 1 Month: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=%223GPROF%22&page=1&sort=version&processingLevel=3&project=GPM&temporalResolution=1%20month
PPS Research	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1 Day, 1 Month	Click here to register for PPS data access GPROF files located in ./YYYY/MM/DD/GPROF/... 1 month files are located in the folder corresponding to the first day of each month. Data availability varies based on the lifespan of the given satellite / instrument Satellite / instrument names are indicated in the filename The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

Derived geophysical parameters at the same resolution and location as those of the Level 1 data.

As of the GPM Version 6 reprocessing cycle, the radars on both the TRMM and GPM satellites have their data products written in the HDF5 file format. Also as of Version 6 the research products are stored in the same FTP archive for both satellites, ftp://pps.gsfc.nasa.gov/. The FTP archive is organized into directories whose names are "yyyy/mm/dd/radar/" where yyyy, mm, and dd are the four-digit year and the two-digit month and day of month, respectively. In prior reprocessing cycles, TRMM and GPM data products were stored in different FTP archives. As of May 2020, PPS distributes near-realtime GPM data via FTPS and HTTPS rather than FTP. A similar switch is expected to occur with research data products later in 2020.

2B Combined

Single-orbit rainfall estimates from combined radar/radiometer data (GPM GMI & DPR, TRMM TMI & PR)

Overview:

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

December 1997 - April 2015 (TRMM), March 2014 - Present (GPM)

Minimum Latency:

3 Hours (near real-time); 40 hours (research)

Spatial Resolution:

Horizontal resolution: 5x5 km. Vertical resolution: 125m (DPR) and 250m (PR)

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	GPM DPR, GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	1.5 Hour	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. To generate data visualizations, click the blue "Giovanni" button Allows for data subsetting	GPM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2BCMB_07/summary TRMM: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2BCMB_TRMM_06/summary
PPS Near Real-time	GPM DPR, GPM GMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/combine/
PPS Research	GPM DPR, GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access 2B CMB files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/radar/... 2B CMB files are indicated by filenames that start with 2B.GPM.DPRGMI for GPM files and 2B.TRMM.PRTMI for TRMM files The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

2A Radar

Single-orbit radar rainfall estimates for GPM DPR, Ka, Ku and TRMM PR

Overview:

GPM Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) and TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) single-orbit rainfall estimates. The objective of these radar algorithms is to generate f radar-only derived meteorological quantities on an instantaneous FOV (field of view) basis working from the level 1 radar products. A subset of these estimates serves as input data to the level 2 combined radar-radiometer algorithm and the level 3 combined and radar-only products. The general idea behind these level 2 algorithms is to determine general characteristics of the precipitation, correct for attenuation, and estimate profiles of the precipitation water content, rainfall rate. When dual-wavelength data are available, the algorithm also estimates the particle size distributions in the phase of the precipitation (i.e., liquid or frozen). GPM's dual-wavelength data will provide better estimates of rainfall and snowfall rates than those of the TRMM PR data.

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

April 2014 - Present (DPR); December 1997 - March 2015 (PR)

Minimum Latency:

20 - 120 minutes (near real-time); 24 hours (research)

Spatial Resolution:

Horizontal resolution: 5x5 km. Vertical resolution: 125m (DPR) and 250m (PR)

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	GPM DPR, GPM Ka, GPM Ku, TRMM PR	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	On GES DISC site, see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. Allows for data subsetting	2ADPR: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2ADPR_07/summary 2AKa: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2AKa_07/summary 2AKu: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2AKu_07/summary 2APR (TRMM): https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2APR_07/summary
PPS Near Real-time	GPM DPR, GPM Ka, GPM Ku	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/radar/
PPS Research	GPM DPR, GPM Ka, GPM Ku, TRMM PR	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access GPM radar files located in ./YYYY/MM/DD/radar/... TRMM PR radar files are available in the same directory for March 2015 and earlier. The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

2A Radiometer (GPROF & PRPS)

Single-orbit radiometer rainfall estimates from GPM GMI, TRMM TMI, and constellation microwave radiometers

Overview:

The 2A GPROF and 2A PRPS algorithms estimate precipitation rate from single orbits brightness temperature data from passive-microwave radiometers. The algorithms also uses ancillary information about Earth’s atmosphere and surface. The GPM archive contains 2A GPROF granules for the following instruments, whose satellite names are stated in parentheses in the following list: GMI (GPM), TMI (TRMM), SSMI (F11 through F15), SSMIS (F16, F17, F18), AMSUB (NOAA 16, 17, 18), AMSRE (Aqua), AMSR2 (GCOM W1), MHS (NOAA 18, 19, and 20; METOP A, B, C), and ATMS (NPP). The PRPS algorithm is run on the SAPHIR observations from the Megha-Tropiques satellite.

For instruments currently in orbit, there are near-realtime (NRT) products and standard-research products. All instruments have climate products that are designated 2A-CLIM GPROF or 2A-CLIM PRPS. The difference between climate products and standard-research products is that climate products use ancillary data that are not produced until approximately 3 months after the satellite observations are made.

Current Algorithm Version:

V07B

Dates Covered:

1991 - Present (varies based on satellite)

Minimum Latency:

2 hours (near real-time); 40 hours (Research); 3 months (Climate)

Spatial Resolution:

5km x 8km (GMI 89GHz channels), Varies by satellite and instrument channel

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. Allows for data subsetting	GPM GMI: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_2AGPROFGPMGMI_07/summary?keywords=2A%20%2B%20GPROF All Sensors: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=2A%20%2B%20GPROF&page=1&sort=version&project=GPM
PPS Near Real-time	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/GPROF/
PPS Research	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	HDF5	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access GPROF files located in ./[yyyy]/[[mm]/[dd]/GPROF/... Data availability varies based on the lifespan of the given satellite / instrument Satellite / instrument names are indicated in the filename The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/
Worldview	GPM GMI	Precipitation Rate (mm/hr)	Visualization	1 Day	Use the time slider at the bottom to select your desired date. Separate layers for solid vs. liquid precipitation (rain vs. snow)	https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/?t=2020-05-10-T21%3A50%3A05Z&l=GMI_Rain_Rate_Dsc,GMI_Rain_Rate_Asc,GMI_Snow_Rate_Dsc,GMI_Snow_Rate_Asc,Reference_Labels(hidden),Reference_Features(hidden),Coastlines,VIIRS_SNPP_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor(hidden),MODIS_Aqua_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor(hidden),MODIS_Terra_CorrectedReflectance_TrueColor

Level 1A: Reconstructed, unprocessed instrument data at full resolution, time referenced, and annotated with ancillary information, including radiometric and geometric calibration coefficients and georeferencing parameters (i.e., platform ephemeris), computed and appended, but not applied, to Level 0 data.

Level 1B: Radiometrically corrected and geolocated Level 1A data that have been processed to sensor units..

Level 1C: Common intercalibrated brightness temperature (Tc) products using the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) Level 1B as the reference standard.

1C

Calibrated brightness temperature for GPM GMI, TRMM TMI, and constellation microwave radiometers

Overview:

The Level 1C algorithms calculate calibrated brightness temperature values so that the brightness temperature form an individual sensor is consistent with the brightness temperature from other passive-microwave sensors. Currently, the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) is the reference instrument for calibrating the other sensors. The 1C data product is the lowest level passive-microwave data product that most researchers are interested in examining, although some instruments have more primitive data products available from the GPM project.

The Level 1C algorithms contain the following major components:

Orbitization
Satellite intercalibration
Quality control
Ancillary data calculations.

The algorithm theoretical basis document (ATBD) cited below describes the general implementation of the algorithm and appendices describe sensor-specific details. The following instruments are described: GMI, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI), Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMI/S), Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS), Sondeur Atmospherique du Profil d'Humidite Intertropicale par Radiometrie (SAPHIR), and Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS).

Current Algorithm Version:

05A

Dates Covered:

1987 - 2009 (SSMI), 1997 - Present (varies by instrument)

Minimum Latency:

20 minutes (GMI near real-time); 4 hours (GMI research); 6 hours to 7 days (various instruments)

Spatial Resolution:

5km x 8km (GMI 89GHz channels), Varies by satellite and instrument channel

Documentation:

The GPM Mission (Hou et al., 2014, https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00164.1)

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. Allows for data subsetting	GPM GMI: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_1CGPMGMI_R_05/summary?keywords=1C All Sensors: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=1C&page=1&project=GPM,TRMM
PPS Near Real-time	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/1C/
PPS Research	Constellation Microwave Sensors, GPM GMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	Binary, HDF5	Varies by satellite, 1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access 1C files located in ./YYYY/MM/DD/1C/... Data availability varies based on the lifespan of the given satellite / instrument Satellite / instrument names are indicated in the filename The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

1B

Brightness temperatures for GPM GMI, and TRMM TMI, PR and VIRS

Overview:

The Level 1B algorithm and software transform Level 0 counts into geolocated and calibrated antenna temperatures (Ta) and brightness temperatures (Tb). Ta is obtained by utilizing the sensor radiometric calibration as well as various corrections based on after launch analyses. Tb is derived from Ta after antenna pattern correction (APC) and along scan corrections.

Current Algorithm Version:

V05

Dates Covered:

December 1997 - April 2015 (TRMM), March 2014 - Present (GPM)

Minimum Latency:

20 minutes (near real-time); 6 hours (research)

Spatial Resolution:

Varies by satellite and instrument channel

Documentation:

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
GES DISC	GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5, OPeNDAP	1.5 Hour	On GES DISC site, once you have selected a dataset see gray "Data Access" box in top right for download links. Allows for data subsetting	GPM GMI: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_1BGMI_05/summary TRMM TMI: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_1BTMI_05/summary TRMM PR: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_1BPR_05/summary
PPS Near Real-time	GPM GMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/1B/
PPS Research	GPM GMI, TRMM PR, TRMM TMI, TRMM VIIRS	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access 1B files located in ./[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/1B/... Data availability varies based on the lifespan of the given satellite / instrument Satellite / instrument names are indicated in the filename The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

1A

Reconstructed, unprocessed instrument data at full resolution for GPM GMI and TRMM TMI

Overview:

1AGMI contains unpacked packet data from GMI science data from the GMI passive microwave instrument flown on the GPM satellite. Swath S1 has 9 channels which are similar to TRMM TMI (10V 10H 19V 19H 23V 37V 37H 89V 89H). Swath S2 has 4 channels similar to AMSU-B (166V 166H 183+/-3V 183+/-8V). Data for both swaths is observed in the same revolution of the instrument. Swath S3 has ScienceDataHeader. Swath S4 has full rotation for low freq channels (S1). Swath S5 has full rotation for high freq channels (S2)

Current Algorithm Version:

V05

Dates Covered:

December 1997 - April 2015 (TRMM), March 2014 - Present (GPM)

Minimum Latency:

20 minutes (near real-time); 6 hours (research)

Spatial Resolution:

Varies by satellite and instrument channel

Documentation:

File Specification for GPM Products

Data Source	Instruments	Primary Unit / Variable	Data Format(s)	Temporal Resolution	Instructions / Notes	Download URL
PPS Near Real-time	GPM GMI	Brightness Temperature (TB)	HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Near real-time data is available for the most recent 2 weeks. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	https://jsimpsonhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/1A/
PPS Research	GPM GMI, TRMM TMI		HDF5	1.5 Hour	Click here to register for PPS data access Files located in /[yyyy]/[mm]/[dd]/1A/ The STORM data ordering website allows for data subsetting, locating files for specific date ranges and geographic regions, and browsing of data before download. Data access is also available via FTPS, click here for instructions.	HTTPS: https://arthurhouhttps.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/gpmdata/ STORM: https://storm.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/storm/

IMERG & TMPA Land Sea Masks

IMERG Land-Sea Mask Binary

This file is the percent water surface coverage file used for the IMERG products in binary format. It is on a 0.1°x0.1° grid as REAL*4 (3600,1800). The orientation is the same as the IMERG data. The file displays percent water surface coverage with 100% = all water and 0% = all land.

Land sea is also called land ocean or land water. Typical percentage thresholds used to define sea are 100% (strictly open water) or 75% (including sea-ward coast areas). Typical percentages used to define strictly land are 25% or 15%; too low a percentage masks out humid regions that have many lakes and reservoirs. Users should inspect the resulting masks to check that they correspond to the expected map.

Data Organization:

Binary file written in Fortran as IEEE big-endian REAL*4 (3600,1800). The upper left-hand corner of the first grid box is at (90°N , 0°E) with longitude being the most rapidly varying index.

Data Download URL

Download (Binary .gz 4.8 MB)

Product Type

IMERG & TMPA Land Sea Masks

Data Source

GPM

Data Format(s)

Binary

IMERG Land-Sea Mask NetCDF

This file is the percent water surface coverage file used for the IMERG products. It is on a 0.1°x0.1° grid as REAL*4 (3600,1800). The orientation is the same as the IMERG data. The file displays percent water surface coverage with 100% = all water and 0% = all land.

Data Download URL

Download (.netcdf .gz 4.6 MB)

Product Type

IMERG & TMPA Land Sea Masks

Data Source

GPM

Data Format(s)

NetCDF

TRMM TMPA 3B42/43 Land Sea Mask

This file is the percent water surface coverage file used for the TRMM 3B42/43 products, in NetCDF format. It is on a 0.25°x0.25° grid as REAL*4 (1440,720). The orientation is the same as the 3B42/3B43 data. The file displays percent water surface coverage with 100% = all water and 0% = all land.

Data Download URL

TMPA_Mask.nc.zip (zipped .netCDF file, 355KB)

Product Type

IMERG & TMPA Land Sea Masks

Data Source

GPM

Data Format(s)

NetCDF

TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor

The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS), is a space based instrument used to detect the distribution and variability of total lightning (cloud-to-cloud, intracloud, and cloud-to-ground lightning) that occurs in the tropical regions of the globe.

Resolution: 3 - 6 km

Dates: 1/1/1998 - 4/8/2015

Level 3 LIS Annual / Seasonal / Monthly Browse

The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) is an instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission satellite (TRMM) used to detect the distribution and variability of total lightning occurring in the Earth's tropical and subtropical regions. This information can be used for severe storm detection and analysis, and also for lightning-atmosphere interaction studies. The LIS instrument makes measurements during both day and night with high detection efficiency.

Please include the following citation in your publications:

Blakeslee, Richard. 1998. Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) Science Data [indicate subset used]. Dataset available online from the NASA Global Hydrology Resource Center DAAC, Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5067/LIS/LIS/DATA201

Regions:

40° N-S

Data Download URL

Download from the NASA GHRC

Product Type

TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS)

Data Source

NASA GHRC

Instruments

TRMM LIS

Data Format(s)

.png Image Browse

Temporal Resolution

Annual / Seasonal / Monthly

Level 2 LIS Science Data

Please include the following citation in your publications:

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5067/LIS/LIS/DATA201

Regions:

Orbital 40° N-S,

Data Download URL

Download from the NASA GHRC

Product Type

TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS)

Data Source

Instruments

Data Format(s)

Temporal Resolution

Level 1B LIS Backgrounds

Lightning Imaging Sensor Background Images. These background images created approximately one to two seconds apart provide the scene on which lightning can be plotted. When using the LIS/OTD Read Software, an entire orbits worth of background images can be displayed in a simple animation to allow a quick way to see if interesting cloud systems (hurricanes, MCSs, Frontal systems, etc.) were in the field of view.

Learn more

Please include the following citation in your publications:

Blakeslee, Richard. 2010. Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) Backgrounds [indicate subset used]. Dataset available online from the NASA Global Hydrology Resource Center DAAC, Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A..

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5067/LIS/LIS/DATA101

Data Download URL

Download from the NASA GHRC

Product Type

TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS)

Data Source

NASA GHRC

Instruments

TRMM LIS

Data Format(s)

HDF5

TRMM VIIRS

The Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) sensor is one of the five instruments on the TRMM satellite. The VIRS instrument has a swath width of 720 km and a horizontal resolution of 2 km at nadir. VIRS is similar to the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) now in operation on polar-orbital environmental satellites.

VIRS Channels

Channel	SpectralRegion	Wavelength (µm)
1	Visible	0.63
2	Near Infrared	1.60
3	Near Infrared	3.75
4	Near Infrared	10.8
5	Infrared	12.0

Resolution: 2.4km

Dates: 12/20/1997 - 4/8/2015

TRMM VIIRS Level 1B01 Calibrated Radiance Product

The TRMM Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) Level 1B Calibrated Radiance Product (1B01) contains calibrated radiances and auxiliary geolocation information from the five channels of the VIRS instrument, for each pixel of each scan. The data are stored in the Hierarchical Data Format (HDF), which includes both core and product specific metadata applicable to the VIRS measurements. A file contains a single orbit of data with a file size of about 95 MB. The EOSDIS "swath" structure is used to accommodate the actual geophysical data arrays. There are 16 files of VIRS 1B01 data produced per day.

For channels 1 and 2, Level 1B radiances are derived from the Level 1A (1A01) sensor counts by computing calibration parameters (gain and offset) derived from the counts registered during space and solar and/or lunar views. New calibration parameters are produced every one to four weeks. Channels 3, 4, and 5 are calibrated using the internal blackbody and the space view. These calibration parameters, together with a quadratic term determined pre-launch, are used to generate a counts vs. radiance curve for each band, which is then used to convert the earth-view pixel counts to spectral radiances.

Geolocation and channel data are written out for each pixel along the scan, whereas the time stamp, scan status (containing scan quality information), navigation, calibration coefficients, and solar/satellite geometry are specified on a per-scan basis. There are in general 18,026 scans along the orbit pre-boost and 18,223 post-boost, with each scan consisting of 261 pixels. The scan width is about 720 km pre-boost and 833 km post-boost.

Learn more

Data Download URL

Download from the PPS

Product Type

Data Source

Instruments

Data Format(s)

Temporal Resolution

TRMM VIIRS Level 1A01

The Level-1A product is a simple concatenation of Level-0 data with a Header, which could easily be reversed back to Level-0. Level-1A remains in a binary format and is not in HDF. The Level-1B format groups like data together.

The Level-1A product consists of two files: the Level-1A Product file and the SFDU header file. The Level-1A Product file, ”1A-01,” is a concatenation of Header record, Spacecraft Attitude packets, VIRS Housekeeping Data packets, VIRS Science Data packets, QACs, and an MDUL. The SFDU header is a separate file whose format is specified in the Interface Control Document Between EOSDIS Core System (ECS) and TRMM Science Data and Information System (TSDIS) for the ECS Project.

Learn more

Data Download URL

Download from the PPS

Product Type

Data Source

Instruments

Data Format(s)

Temporal Resolution

NCEP/CPC Level 3 Merged Infrared Brightness Temperatures

This gridded merged multi-satellite geostationary infrared (IR) brightness temperature product originates from the NOAA Climate Prediction Center (CPC), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), and the National Weather Service (NWS) and are hosted by NASA’s Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC).

The datasets contain IR brightness temperature data (equivalent blackbody temps), merged from the European, Japanese, and U.S. geostationary satellites that have been active over the product’s period of record (METEOSAT-5/7/8/9/10, GMS-5/MTSat-1R/2/Himawari-8, and GOES-8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16), and gridded to 4-km every half hour on the latitude band 60°S-60°N.

Within GPM, this dataset is used to compute IR precipitation estimates that are input to NASA’s IMERG product.

Documentation:

Regions:
60°S-60°N

Temporal Coverage:
2000 - Present

Spatial Resolution:
4km

Data Download URL

Download from the NASA GES DISC

Product Type

Data Source

Instruments

Data Format(s)

Temporal Resolution

Data Unit

Brightness Temperature (TB)