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Content which is associated solely with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission.

Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS)

GPM flying over Earth with a data swath visualized.
Friday, March 11, 2011
The Lightning Imaging Sensor is a small, highly sophisticated instrument that detects and locates lightning over the tropical region of the globe. Looking down from a vantage point aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) observatory, 250 miles (402 kilometers) above the Earth, the sensor provides information that could lead to future advanced lightning sensors capable of significantly improving weather "nowcasting." Using a vantage point in space, the Lightning Imaging Sensor promises to expand scientists' capabilities for surveying lightning and thunderstorm activity on a global...
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Precipitation Radar (PR)

GPM flying over Earth with a data swath visualized.
Friday, March 11, 2011
The Precipitation Radar was the first spaceborne instrument designed to provide three-dimensional maps of storm structure. These measurements yield invaluable information on the intensity and distribution of the rain, on the rain type, on the storm depth and on the height at which the snow melts into rain. The estimates of the heat released into the atmosphere at different heights based on these measurements can be used to improve models of the global atmospheric circulation. The Precipitation Radar has a horizontal resolution at the ground of about 3.1 miles (five kilometers) and a swath...
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TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI)

GPM flying over Earth with a data swath visualized.
Friday, March 11, 2011
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission’s (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) is a passive microwave sensor designed to provide quantitative rainfall information over a wide swath under the TRMM satellite. By carefully measuring the minute amounts of microwave energy emitted by the Earth and its atmosphere, TMI is able to quantify the water vapor, the cloud water, and the rainfall intensity in the atmosphere. It is a relatively small instrument that consumes little power. This, combined with the wide swath and the good, quantitative information regarding rainfall make TMI the "workhorse" of the rain...
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Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS)

GPM flying over Earth with a data swath visualized.
Friday, March 11, 2011
The Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) is one of the primary instruments aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) observatory. VIRS is one of the three instruments in the rain-measuring package and serves as a very indirect indicator of rainfall. It also ties in TRMM measurements with other measurements that are made routinely using the meteorological Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites POES) and those that are made using the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) operated by the United States. VIRS, as its name implies, senses radiation coming up from the...
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More Tornadoes over the Southern United States

TRMM Image of Tornado in Louisiana
The TRMM satellite flew over tornadic thunderstorms for the second time in less than a week on 9 March 2011 at 1208 UTC ( 6:08 AM CST). By 1652Z (10:52 AM CST) NOAA had received 9 tornado sighting over Louisiana, Alabama and Florida. A precipitation analysis from TRMM's Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR) (in the lighter swath) again showed extremely heavy rainfall near tornadic activity. TRMM's Precipitation Radar (PR) data were used in the image on the upper right to show a 3-D slice through a possible tornado.

TRMM Sees Deadly Louisiana Tornado

TRMM image of deadly tornado in Louisiana
The TRMM satellite was flying high over head when it passed above tornadoes occurring in the state of Louisiana on 5 March 2011 at 1411 UTC (8:11 AM CST). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported that seven tornadoes were spotted in Louisiana on that date. These tornadoes caused at least 15 injuries and one death with a tornado that hit in the northwest section of Rayne, Louisiana. The image on the left above shows a precipitation analysis using data collected with that TRMM orbit. TRMM's Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR) (in the lighter swath)

A First Approach to Global Runoff Simulation using Satellite Rainfall Estimation

Document Description
Motivated by the recent increasing availability of global remote sensing data for estimating precipitation and describing land surface characteristics, this note reports an approximate assessment of quasi-global runoff computed by incorporating satellite rainfall data and other remote sensing products in a relatively simple rainfall-runoff simulation approach: the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) runoff curve number (CN) method.
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